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BD Identification

Identification systems are utilized to obtain the identification (genus and species) of an organism. These systems contain fluorogenic and chromogenic substrates. When the organism comes into contact with the substrates, the organism either reacts with the substrate (positive reaction) or there is no reaction (negative reaction. When the positive and negative reactions are combined, the identification of the organism is determined.
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PROMPT INOCULATION SYSTEM WITH 60 SALINE TUBES AND 62 PREC.WANDS
BD-226306

The Bauer Kirby procedure is a standardized method for the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility based on the agar gel disc diffusion principle.1-3 This method is published as a consensus standard by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) and is periodically reviewed and updated.4

The inoculum concentration has been shown to be an important factor in obtaining valid results with the Bauer Kirby procedure.2-5 The original Bauer- Kirby procedure employed inoculum prepared from log phase cultures. This requires incubation in broth for several hours to achieve the desired inoculum density, equivalent to the 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard, which produces approximately 1 x 108 CFU/mL.3-5 Several studies have subsequently shown that direct standardization of the inoculum, i.e., without incubation, is an acceptable alternative.5-7 The direct adjustment of inoculum preparation is the preferred method for fastidious organisms that may grow slowly in broth. The M2-T4 edition of the NCCLS disc diffusion standard contained a revised procedure for Haemophilus influenzae, in which a new medium, Haemophilus Test Medium (HTM), was employed.8 This procedure recommended matching the inoculum density to the 0.5 McFarland standard using a photometric device.

The BBL Prompt Inoculation System is a device that allows direct standardization of inoculum without adjustment of turbidity or preincubation.9-11 This method is considered acceptable for routine testing purposes.4 It has been shown that the Prompt system is also satisfactory for preparing inoculum for H. influenzae in the Bauer-Kirby procedure.

FX-100 SBB FURAZOLIDONE
BD-230809

Agar diffusion methods employing dried filter paper discs impregnated with specific concentrations of antimicrobial agents were developed in the 1940s. In order to eliminate or minimize variability in this testing, Bauer et al. developed a standardized procedure in which Mueller Hinton Agar was selected as the test medium.1,2

Various regulatory agencies and standards-writing organizations subsequently published standardized reference procedures based on the Bauer-Kirby method. Among the earliest and most widely accepted of these standardized procedures were those published by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)3 and the World Health Organization (WHO).4,5 The procedure was adopted as a consensus standard by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, formerly NCCLS) and is periodically updated.6,7 The latest CLSI documents should be consulted for current recommendations.

TAXO BLANK DISCS 1/4 INCH DIAMETER S&S-470
BD-231039
Blank Discs, 1/4" diam. S&S-470
A TAXO SBV BACITRACIN
BD-231040

Taxo A discs are impregnated with a low level of bacitracin. According to the work of Maxted, of Levinson and Frank, and others, the group A streptococci may be differentiated from the other Lancefield groups of hemolytic streptococci by the formation of a zone of inhibition around the disc.

A TAXO 6PK BACITRACIN
BD-231041
Taxo A discs are impregnated with a low level of bacitracin. According to the work of Maxted, of Levinson and Frank, and others, the group A streptococci may be differentiated from the other Lancefield groups of hemolytic streptococci by the formation of a zone of inhibition around the disc.
N TAXO 6PK NEIS/PSEUDO
BD-231045

Gordon and McLeod described the oxidase test for detecting colonies of Neisseria.1 Kovacs described the oxidase test for Pseudomonas.2

Neisseria, Pseudomonas and certain other microorganisms possess an oxidizing enzyme which acts in the presence of air on certain aromatic amines to produce colored compounds.3,4 Color changes are produced by the indicator in contact with a colony of the organism.

Because the reagent used for the test is very unstable in liquid form, the original test procedures required that the reagent be made fresh, the dye being active only a few hours. The reagent remains quite stable, however, when impregnated into paper discs, dried, and stored in the refrigerator or freezer.

P TAXO SBV ETHYL HYDROCUPR
BD-231046
Taxo P Discs are impregnated with ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride (optochin), a drug used for pneumonia therapy before sulfonamides became available. The growth of pneumococci, but not of other streptococci, is markedly inhibited by this chemical.1,2 Pneumococci may, therefore, be differentiated from other alpha-hemolytic streptococci by the formation of a zone of inhibition around a Taxo P disc placed on a blood agar plate heavily inoculated with a pure culture suspected to be Streptococcus pneumoniae.
P TAXO 6PK ETHYL HYDROCUPR
BD-231047
Taxo P Discs are impregnated with ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride (optochin), a drug used for pneumonia therapy before sulfonamides became available. The growth of pneumococci, but not of other streptococci, is markedly inhibited by this chemical.1,2 Pneumococci may, therefore, be differentiated from other alpha-hemolytic streptococci by the formation of a zone of inhibition around a Taxo P disc placed on a blood agar plate heavily inoculated with a pure culture suspected to be Streptococcus pneumoniae.
P TAXO SBB ETHYL HYDROCUPR
BD-231048
Taxo P Discs are impregnated with ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride (optochin), a drug used for pneumonia therapy before sulfonamides became available. The growth of pneumococci, but not of other streptococci, is markedly inhibited by this chemical.1,2 Pneumococci may, therefore, be differentiated from other alpha-hemolytic streptococci by the formation of a zone of inhibition around a Taxo P disc placed on a blood agar plate heavily inoculated with a pure culture suspected to be Streptococcus pneumoniae.
AD TAXO SBV ADONITOL
BD-231057

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

AR TAXO SBV ARABINOSE
BD-231059

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

D TAXO SBV DEXTROSE
BD-231061

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

DU TAXO SBV DULCITOL
BD-231063

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

L TAXO SBV LACTOSE
BD-231071

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

M TAXO SBV MALTOSE
BD-231075

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

MN TAXO SBV MANNITOL
BD-231077

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

RA TAXO SBV RAFFINOSE
BD-231089

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

R TAXO SBV RHAMNOSE
BD-231091

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

SO TAXO SBV SORBITOL
BD-231096

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

SU TAXO SBV SUCROSE
BD-231098

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

TR TAXO SBV TREHALOSE
BD-231100

The ability of an organism to ferment a specific carbohydrate incorporated in a basal medium, resulting in production of acid and gas, has been used to characterize bacteria and aid in differentiation.

In 1949, Soto developed miniaturized fermentation tests using carbohydrate-impregnated paper discs.1 Sanders et al. subsequently developed a screening method for identification of Enterobacteriaceae using reagent-impregnated discs.2

Taxo Carbohydrate Discs are paper discs impregnated with a variety of fermentable carbohydrates. When added to inoculated basal media, the patterns of fermentation reactions aid in identification of test organisms.

TAXO BLANK DISC 1/2 INCH DIAMETER, APHA
BD-231122
Blank Discs, 1/2" diam.
(APHA, Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products)
TAXO ONPG FOR DETECTING LACTOSE FERMENTERS
BD-231248
Taxo™ ONPG Discs are used for the detection of lactose fermenters, especially those that do not promptly ferment lactose in some routine identification media such as Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSI Agar) or Kligler Iron Agar.
MI-30 10PK MINOCYCLINE
BD-231251
These discs are used for semi-quantitative in vitro susceptibility testing by the agar disc diffusion test procedure of common, rapidly growing and certain fastidious bacterial pathogens. These include the Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Vibrio cholerae and, by modified procedures, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and other streptococci. NOTE: Special procedures are required for testing pneumococci, enterococci and methicillin/oxacillin-resistant staphylococci, for performing ß-lactamase tests and for screening and confirmatory tests for ESBLs; see the “RESULTS” section.
AM 10PK AMPICILLIN
BD-231263
These discs are used for semi-quantitative in vitro susceptibility testing by the agar disc diffusion test procedure of common, rapidly growing and certain fastidious bacterial pathogens. These include the Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Vibrio cholerae and, by modified procedures, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and other streptococci. NOTE: Special procedures are required for testing pneumococci, enterococci and methicillin/oxacillin-resistant staphylococci, for performing ß-lactamase tests and for screening and confirmatory tests for ESBLs; see the “RESULTS” section.
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